Modulation-frequency acts as a primary cue for auditory stream segregation

In our surrounding acoustic world sounds are produced by different sources and interfere with each other before arriving to the ears. A key function of the auditory system is to provide consistent and robust descriptions of the coherent sound groupings and sequences (auditory objects), which likely correspond to the various sound sources in the environment. This function has been termed auditory stream segregation. In the current study we tested the effects of separation in the frequency of amplitude modulation on the segregation of concurrent sound sequences in the auditory stream-segregation paradigm (van Noorden 1975). The aim of the study was to assess 1) whether differential amplitude modulation would help in separating concurrent sound sequences and 2) whether this cue would interact with previously studied static cues (carrier frequency and location difference) in segregating concurrent streams of sound. We found that amplitude modulation difference is utilized as a primary cue for the stream segregation and it interacts with other primary cues such as frequency and location difference

Predictors of developmental dyslexia in European orthographies with varying complexity

Background: The relationship between phoneme awareness, rapid automatized naming (RAN), verbal short-term/working memory (ST/WM) and diagnostic category is investigated in control and dyslexic children, and the extent to which this depends on orthographic complexity. Methods: General cognitive, phonological and literacy skills were tested in 1138 control and 1114 dyslexic children speaking 6 different languages spanning a large range of orthographic complexity (Finnish, Hungarian, German, Dutch, French, English). Results: Phoneme deletion and RAN were strong concurrent predictors of developmental dyslexia, while verbal ST/WM and general verbal abilities played a comparatively minor role. In logistic regression models, more participants were classified correctly when orthography was more complex. The impact of phoneme deletion and RAN-digits was stronger in complex than in less complex orthographies. Conclusions: Findings are largely consistent with the literature on predictors of dyslexia and literacy skills, while uniquely demonstrating how orthographic complexity exacerbates some symptoms of dyslexia

Intraspecifikus kommunikáció és trofikus kapcsolat manipulálásának hatása kártevő rovarfajokon = The impact of manipulation of intraspecific communication on trophic relations of pest insects

A projekt célja olyan vizuális és kémiai ingerek felderítése és hasznosítása volt, melyekkel kártevő bogárfajok [burgonyabogár (Leptinotarsa decemlineata), bundásbogár (Epicometis hirta), pattanóbogár (Agriotes spp.) és virágbogár fajok (Meligethes spp.)] tápnövényeikhez és/vagy az ivarok egymáshoz való orientációja befolyásolható annak érdekében, hogy tömeges gyűjtéssel egy populáció mérete csökkenthető legyen. Elsőként bizonyítottuk be, hogy a burgonyabogár vonzódik a nyers burgonyagumó darálékhoz és különösen annak trans-2-octenal komponenséhez. A bundásbogár legjobban a cinnamil alkohol és trans-anetol 1:1 arányú keverékére és a kék színű csapdákra reagál. A pattanóbogarakat az ernyősvirágú és más növényfajok virágillatával csalétkezett fehér színű csapdák fogják leghatékonyabban. A Meligethes-fajok a virágillat és a fenetil izotiocianát elegyére gyülekeznek, ellenben a színpreferencia szezonálisan változik (kora tavasszal zöldes-sárga, később kék), amelynek hátterében a fajok eltérő színvonzódása állhat. | The project aimed at finding and making use of visual and chemical stimuli that affected orientation of coleopterous pests [Colorado potato beetle (CPB, Leptinotarsa decemlineata), the scarab beetle (Epicometis hirta), click beetles (Agriotes spp.), and flower beetles (Meligethes spp.)] to host plants or to the opposite sex in order to collect adults en masse for decreasing local population levels. We demonstrated for the first time that the CPB was attracted to raw pulp of potato tubers and to volatiles emanating from the pulp, such as trans-2-octenal. With the scarab beetle a 1:1 mixture of cinnamyl alcohol and trans-anethole improved trap catches significantly if they were combined with blue surfaces. With Agriotes click beetles white traps baited with floral scents of umbelliferous and other plant species proved to be very effective. We also found that Meligethes flower beetles could be efficiently collected with traps coloured to greenish-yellow, white or blue when adding phenethyl isothiocyanate plus floral scents. However, the response to coloured surfaces changed with the season which might be explained by the participation of several Meligethes species of different colour preferences

The effects of the parameters of 3D printing in the electrical machine

In recent year, the e-mobility is undergoing an exponential grow because of CO2 restrictions. Until 2025 it is expected to be between 7-14% of the total market share, which means that combustion engines have to be more efficient to be competitive. Start-stop and 48V hybridization are rapidly increase market share, to help reaching CO2 legislation targets. Every possibilities has to be investigated to increase the efficiency: in this paper, the consequences of using 3D metal printed parts in electrical machine will be examined from electrical aspect